🇯🇵 JAPANESE
Kanji – Batch 02
漢字 6–10 · 十 二 本 中 出 · JLPT N5
Progress: 0 / 2 exercises completed
A – Flashcard Practice
Click each card to reveal the meaning and readings. Aim to recall the meaning before you flip.
B – Type the On-yomi
Type the romaji for the on-yomi of each kanji. Any one correct on-yomi is accepted — e.g. shutsu or sui for 出.
C – Type the Meaning
Type the primary English meaning of each kanji. Synonyms are accepted — e.g. middle / inside / center for 中, book / origin for 本.
十
ten
On: ジュウ (juu) · ジッ (ji') · ジュッ (ju') | Kun: とお (too) · と (to)
Mnemonic
十 is literally a plus sign ＋. One horizontal stroke, one vertical stroke crossing through the centre — north, south, east, west. Some teachers say: "Count to ten on your fingers and all ten meet at the palm where the lines cross." The same cross shape appears on medical symbols, Swiss flags, and the Red Cross — because ten is universal, and so is the cross.
Watch out — gemination: ジュウ shortens to じっ / じゅっ before certain sounds: 十個 = じっこ (jikko) — ten things; 十分 = じゅっぷん (juppun) — ten minutes. Both ジッ and ジュッ are standard modern Japanese.
Watch out — gemination: ジュウ shortens to じっ / じゅっ before certain sounds: 十個 = じっこ (jikko) — ten things; 十分 = じゅっぷん (juppun) — ten minutes. Both ジッ and ジュッ are standard modern Japanese.
Key vocabulary
- 1十じゅう / とお (juu / too)ten
- 2十一じゅういち (juuichi)eleven
- 3十一月じゅういちがつ (juuichigatsu)November
- 4十九じゅうきゅう (juukyuu)nineteen
- 5十月じゅうがつ (juugatsu)October
Sentences in context
Juugatsu wa suzushii desu.
十月はすずしいです。
"October as-for cool is."
October is cool.
Ringo wo tooku kudasai.
りんごを十ください。
"Apples (obj) ten please-give."
Please give me ten apples.
Juuichi-ji ni aimashou.
十一時に会いましょう。
"Eleven o'clock at let's-meet."
Let's meet at eleven o'clock.
二
two
On: ニ (ni) · ジ (ji) | Kun: ふた (futa) · ふたつ (futatsu) · ふたたび (futatabi)
Mnemonic
Two parallel horizontal lines — the number of strokes IS the number. 一 (one line = one), 二 (two lines = two), 三 (three lines = three). This works all the way to three, after which Chinese/Japanese numbers become more complex. For two, just draw two lines and you're done.
Counting people: 二 is special for counting people — it uses the kun reading: 二人 = ふたり (futari, two people). Once you pass two, you switch to the on-yomi: 三人 = さんにん (sannin). Only ひとり (one person) and ふたり (two people) use the native kun reading.
Counting people: 二 is special for counting people — it uses the kun reading: 二人 = ふたり (futari, two people). Once you pass two, you switch to the on-yomi: 三人 = さんにん (sannin). Only ひとり (one person) and ふたり (two people) use the native kun reading.
Key vocabulary
- 1二に / ふた (ni / futa)two
- 2二つふたつ (futatsu)two things
- 3十二じゅうに (juuni)twelve
- 4十二月じゅうにがつ (juunigatsu)December
- 5二月にがつ (nigatsu)February
Sentences in context
Ringo ga futatsu arimasu.
りんごが二つあります。
"Apples (subj) two exist."
There are two apples.
Nigatsu wa samui desu.
二月はさむいです。
"February as-for cold is."
February is cold.
Futari de tabemashita.
二人でたべました。
"Two-people together ate."
The two of us ate together.
本
book / origin / main
On: ホン (hon) | Kun: もと (moto)
Mnemonic
本 is the kanji 木 (tree) with a short stroke added at the base — pointing to the ROOT of the tree. Root = origin = the starting point. From "root/origin," the meaning extended to "main" (most fundamental) and eventually to "book" (the root of knowledge). Picture a tree with someone pointing to its base: "Here — this is where it all starts."
日本 = "origin of the sun": 日 (sun) + 本 (origin) = the place where the sun originates — Japan, the Land of the Rising Sun, as seen from China looking east.
Bonus — counter for long objects: 本 (ほん) also counts long, thin cylindrical objects: 一本のビール (ippon no biiru) = one bottle of beer; 三本の木 (sanbon no ki) = three trees.
日本 = "origin of the sun": 日 (sun) + 本 (origin) = the place where the sun originates — Japan, the Land of the Rising Sun, as seen from China looking east.
Bonus — counter for long objects: 本 (ほん) also counts long, thin cylindrical objects: 一本のビール (ippon no biiru) = one bottle of beer; 三本の木 (sanbon no ki) = three trees.
Key vocabulary
- 1基本きほん (kihon)basics; foundation
- 2日本人にほんじん (nihonjin)Japanese person
- 3本社ほんしゃ (honsha)head office
- 4本部ほんぶ (honbu)headquarters
- 5本のほんの (honno)mere; only (pre-noun)
Sentences in context
Kono hon wa omoshiroi desu.
この本はおもしろいです。
"This book as-for interesting is."
This book is interesting.
Nihon ni sunde imasu.
日本にすんでいます。
"Japan in living am."
I live in Japan.
Kihon ga taisetsu desu.
基本がたいせつです。
"Basics (subj) important is."
Basics are important.
中
middle / inside / center
On: チュウ (chuu) | Kun: なか (naka) · うち (uchi) · あた.る (ataru)
Mnemonic
中 shows a vertical stroke piercing through the exact centre of a rectangle (口). The rectangle is any space; the line hits the bull's eye. Imagine an arrow shot straight through the middle of a target. Ancient scribes used this to show a pole planted in the centre of a field to mark its midpoint.
なか vs うち: Both mean "inside," but なか is the physical interior or middle of something (かばんの中 = inside the bag), while うち is more abstract — "within" a group or domain (うちの会社 = our company / within our company).
中国 = "Middle Kingdom": China's name for itself — 中国 (ちゅうごく) literally means the kingdom (国) in the middle (中), reflecting ancient China's self-perception as the centre of civilisation.
なか vs うち: Both mean "inside," but なか is the physical interior or middle of something (かばんの中 = inside the bag), while うち is more abstract — "within" a group or domain (うちの会社 = our company / within our company).
中国 = "Middle Kingdom": China's name for itself — 中国 (ちゅうごく) literally means the kingdom (国) in the middle (中), reflecting ancient China's self-perception as the centre of civilisation.
Key vocabulary
- 1中央ちゅうおう (chuuou)centre; central
- 2中国ちゅうごく (chuugoku)China
- 3中心ちゅうしん (chuushin)centre; focus; core
- 4中でもなかでも (nakademo)among these; especially
- 5中間ちゅうかん (chuukan)middle; halfway; intermediate
Sentences in context
Kaban no naka ni arimasu.
かばんの中にあります。
"Bag 's inside in exists."
It's inside the bag.
Chuugoku ni ikitai desu.
中国に行きたいです。
"China to want-to-go is."
I want to go to China.
Kyoushitsu no naka ni imasu.
教室の中にいます。
"Classroom 's inside in am."
I'm inside the classroom.
出
to go out / exit / produce
On: シュツ (shutsu) · スイ (sui) | Kun: で.る (deru) · だ.す (dasu)
Mnemonic
出 is two sprouts pushing upward through the soil — the ancient pictograph showed plant shoots breaking through the earth's surface, emerging from underground. Everything in 出 points UP and OUT: the strokes rise, they break through, they emerge. "To go out" = to push up and out like a seedling.
で.る vs だ.す — intransitive vs transitive: 出る (deru) is intransitive — something goes out on its own (電車が出る = the train leaves). 出す (dasu) is transitive — you take something out or submit it (手紙を出す = to send a letter, レポートを出す = to submit a report). Same kanji, opposite directions of agency.
Compound verbs: だ.す attaches productively to other verbs: 思い出す (おもいだす = to recall), 飛び出す (とびだす = to leap out), 取り出す (とりだす = to take out).
で.る vs だ.す — intransitive vs transitive: 出る (deru) is intransitive — something goes out on its own (電車が出る = the train leaves). 出す (dasu) is transitive — you take something out or submit it (手紙を出す = to send a letter, レポートを出す = to submit a report). Same kanji, opposite directions of agency.
Compound verbs: だ.す attaches productively to other verbs: 思い出す (おもいだす = to recall), 飛び出す (とびだす = to leap out), 取り出す (とりだす = to take out).
Key vocabulary
- 1出すだす (dasu)to take out; to submit; to send
- 2出身しゅっしん (shusshin)hometown; origin; background
- 3輸出ゆしゅつ (yushutsu)export
- 4出場しゅつじょう (shutsujou)participation; entry (in competition)
- 5進出しんしゅつ (shinshutsu)advance; expansion into
Sentences in context
Gakkou wo demashita.
学校を出ました。
"School (obj) left / came-out."
I left school.
Tegami wo dashite kudasai.
手紙を出してください。
"Letter (obj) send please."
Please send the letter.
Shusshin wa doko desu ka.
出身はどこですか。
"Origin as-for where is (question)?"
Where are you from?
| Kanji | Meaning | On-yomi | Kun-yomi | JLPT | Strokes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 十 | ten | ジュウ (juu) · ジッ · ジュッ | とお (too) · と (to) | N5 | 2 |
| 二 | two | ニ (ni) · ジ (ji) | ふた (futa) · ふたつ (futatsu) | N5 | 2 |
| 本 | book / origin | ホン (hon) | もと (moto) | N5 | 5 |
| 中 | middle / inside | チュウ (chuu) | なか (naka) · うち (uchi) | N5 | 4 |
| 出 | go out / exit | シュツ (shutsu) · スイ (sui) | で.る (deru) · だ.す (dasu) | N5 | 5 |