๐ฏ๐ต JAPANESE ยท N5
Lesson 28 โ Cooking Verbs
ใใใใใฎ ใฉใใ ยท Ryouri no Doushi
Listening & Speaking Practice ยท Standard ยท Casual
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๐ Expression Reference โ Cooking Verbs
Key phrases across formality levels. Press โถ to hear any expression.
STANDARD โ ใฆใใญใ (TEINEI)
| Expression | Romaji | Typical Response | Context |
|---|---|---|---|
|
ใซใใ ใใใฆใใ ใใใ |
Niku wo yaite kudasai. | ใฏใใใใใใพใใใ Hai, wakarimashita. | Asking someone to grill the meat |
|
ใใใใ ใใฃใฆใใ ใใใ |
Yasai wo kitte kudasai. | ใฉใฎใใใใฎ ใใใใใงใใ๏ผ Dono kurai no ookisa desu ka? | Instructing someone to cut vegetables |
|
ใใตใ ใพใฃใฆใใ ใใใ |
Go-fun matte kudasai. | ใฏใใใพใกใพใใ Hai, machimasu. | Telling someone to wait 5 minutes |
|
ใพใใใใพใญใใ ใใใพใใ |
Mazu, tamanegi wo kirimasu. | ใคใใฏ ใชใซใ ใใพใใ๏ผ Tsugi wa nani wo shimasu ka? | Starting a recipe โ "First, cut the onion" |
CASUAL โ ใใ ใใ (KUDAKETA)
| Expression | Romaji | Typical Response | Context |
|---|---|---|---|
|
ใใ ใพใใฆใ |
Kore mazete. | ใใใใใใใ Un, ii yo. | Casual request โ "Mix this" |
|
ใใใชใใงใใใใกใใใใ |
Agenaide. Kogechau yo. | ใใใใใ๏ผ A, gomen! | Warning a friend โ "Don't fry it. It'll burn!" |
|
ใคใใใใใ ใใใฆใ |
Tsugi, shio wo irete. | ใฉใฎใใใ๏ผ Dono kurai? | Casual instruction โ "Next, add salt" |
๐ฃ Mini Dialogues
Three scenes at different formality levels. Press โถ to hear each line.
A โ STANDARD ยท Cooking Class โ Teacher's Instructions
ใใใใ
ใพใใใใใใ ใใฃใฆใใ ใใใ
Mazu, yasai wo kitte kudasai.
First, please cut the vegetables.
ใพใใ
[OBJECT]
ใ
[VERB-ใฆ]
ใใ ใใใ
mazu,
[object]
wo
[verb-te]
kudasai.
first
[thing]
(obj.)
[action]
please
"First, please [verb] the [object]." โ recipe instruction pattern
ใฟใ
ใใฃใฆใใใใชใซใ ใใพใใ๏ผ
Kitte kara, nani wo shimasu ka?
After cutting, what do we do?
[VERB-ใฆ]
ใใใ
[NEXT ACTION]
[verb-te]
kara,
[next action]
[action]
after
[next]
"After [verb-ing], [next action]." โ sequencing with ใฆใใ
ใใใใ
ใคใใซใใชในใง ใใ
ใฃใทใ ใซใฆใใ ใใใ
Tsugi ni, nabe de juppun nite kudasai.
Next, please simmer in the pot for 10 minutes.
B โ STANDARD ยท Following a Recipe at Home
ใใ
ใใใใซใใใพใใ ใใใฆ ใพใใพใใ
Saigo ni, tamago wo irete mazemasu.
Finally, put in the egg and mix.
ใใ
ใใพใใ ใใใฆใใใใชใใทใ ใพใกใพใใ๏ผ
Tamago wo irete kara, nanpun machimasu ka?
After putting in the egg, how many minutes do we wait?
ใใ
ใใใทใ ใพใฃใฆใใ ใใใใใใชใใใใซ ใใใคใใฆใใ ใใใ
Sanpun matte kudasai. Kogenai you ni ki wo tsukete kudasai.
Please wait 3 minutes. Please be careful not to let it burn.
[VERB-ใชใ]
ใใใซ ใใใคใใฆใใ ใใใ
[verb-nai]
you ni ki wo tsukete kudasai.
[not do]
so-that be-careful please
"Please be careful not to [verb]." โ polite warning
C โ CASUAL ยท Friends Making Yakisoba Together
ใใใ
ใใใ ใซใใ ใใใใใใใใใ ใใฃใฆใ
Ore ga niku wo yaku kara, yasai wo kitte.
I'll grill the meat, so you cut the veggies.
ใใใ
[ACTION A]
ใใใ
[ACTION B]
ore ga
[action A]
kara,
[action B]
I (subj.)
[my task]
so
[your task]
"I'll do [A], so (you) do [B]." โ splitting tasks casually
ใใ
ใใใใฝใผในใ ใใใ๏ผ
Un. Soosu mo ireru?
OK. Should I add the sauce too?
ใใใ
ใพใ ใใใชใใงใใใใซ ใพใใฆใใ ใใใฆใ
Mada irenaide. Saki ni mazete kara irete.
Don't add it yet. Mix first, then add it.
Giving cooking instructions โ ๏ฝใฆใใ ใใ / ๏ฝใฆ
STANDARD
[OBJECT]
ใ
[VERB-ใฆ]
ใใ ใใใ
[object]
wo
[verb-te]
kudasai.
"Please [verb] the [object]." โ polite recipe instruction
CASUAL
[OBJECT]
ใ
[VERB-ใฆ]
ใ
[object]
wo
[verb-te].
"[Verb] the [object]." โ casual, drop ใใ ใใ
Sequence words โ ใพใ / ใคใใซ / ใใใใซ
๐ข STANDARD
ใพใใใใใใ ใใฃใฆใใ ใใใใคใใซใใซใฆใใ ใใใใใใใซใใใใ ใฟใฆใใ ใใใ
Mazu, yasai wo kitte kudasai. Tsugi ni, nite kudasai. Saigo ni, aji wo mite kudasai.
First, cut the vegetables. Next, simmer them. Finally, check the taste.
ใพใ = first, ใคใใซ = next, ใใใใซ = finally. Add them before each step.
๐ก CASUAL
ใพใ ใใฃใฆใใคใ ใซใฆใใใใ ใใใฟใฆใ
Mazu kitte. Tsugi nite. Saigo ajimite.
First cut. Next simmer. Last, taste it.
Drop ใซ and ใใ ใใ โ short and direct among friends.
Sequencing with ใฆใใ โ "after doing"
STANDARD
[VERB-ใฆ]
ใใใ
[NEXT ACTION]
[verb-te]
kara,
[next action]
"After [verb-ing], [next action]."
CASUAL
[VERB-ใฆ]
ใใ
[NEXT]
ใ
[verb-te]
kara
[next].
"[Verb] then [next]." โ same grammar, casual tone
Negative request โ ๏ฝใชใใงใใ ใใ / ๏ฝใชใใง
๐ข STANDARD
ใพใ ใใใชใใงใใ ใใใ
Mada irenaide kudasai.
Please don't add it yet.
๏ฝใชใใง + ใใ ใใ = "please don't ~"
๐ก CASUAL
ใพใ ใใใชใใงใ
Mada irenaide.
Don't add it yet.
Drop ใใ ใใ for casual "don't ~"
A โ Flashcards
Click a card to flip it. Use โถ to hear the Japanese.
tap to flip
1 / 10
B โ Listen & Choose the Meaning
Press โถ to hear each phrase, then choose the correct English meaning.
C โ Choose the Right Response
Listen to the question, then choose the most natural reply.
D โ Listen & Write in Romaji
Press โถ to hear each phrase, then type what you heard in romaji. Japanese letters are not needed.
๐ก Tip: Long vowels โ double the vowel (ใใ = ou / oo). Double consonants โ write them twice (ใใฃใฆ = kitte).
E โ Shadowing Practice
Press โถ to hear each line, say it aloud, then mark it as practised.
0 of 9 lines practised
๏ฝใฆใใ ใใ โ Polite requests / instructions
ใฆ-form of a verb + ใใ ใใ (kudasai) = "please do ~". This is the standard way to give cooking instructions.
โข ใใ โ ใใฃใฆ + ใใ ใใ = ใใฃใฆใใ ใใ (please cut)
โข ใใ โ ใใใฆ + ใใ ใใ = ใใใฆใใ ใใ (please grill)
โข ใพใใ โ ใพใใฆ + ใใ ใใ = ใพใใฆใใ ใใ (please mix)
Casual: drop ใใ ใใ and just use ใฆ-form alone (ใใฃใฆ, ใใใฆ, ใพใใฆ).
โข ใใ โ ใใฃใฆ + ใใ ใใ = ใใฃใฆใใ ใใ (please cut)
โข ใใ โ ใใใฆ + ใใ ใใ = ใใใฆใใ ใใ (please grill)
โข ใพใใ โ ใพใใฆ + ใใ ใใ = ใพใใฆใใ ใใ (please mix)
Casual: drop ใใ ใใ and just use ใฆ-form alone (ใใฃใฆ, ใใใฆ, ใพใใฆ).
[VERB-ใฆ]
ใใ ใใใ
[verb-te]
kudasai.
"Please [verb]."
ใใใใ ใใฃใฆใใ ใใใ
Yasai wo kitte kudasai.
Please cut the vegetables.
ใพใ / ใคใใซ / ใใใใซ โ Sequence words
These words order steps in a process โ essential for recipes.
โข ใพใ (mazu) = first / to begin with
โข ใคใใซ (tsugi ni) = next / then
โข ใใใฆ (soshite) = and then
โข ใใใใซ (saigo ni) = finally / lastly
Place them at the start of each sentence, followed by a comma.
โข ใพใ (mazu) = first / to begin with
โข ใคใใซ (tsugi ni) = next / then
โข ใใใฆ (soshite) = and then
โข ใใใใซ (saigo ni) = finally / lastly
Place them at the start of each sentence, followed by a comma.
[SEQUENCE WORD]
ใ
[INSTRUCTION]
[mazu / tsugi ni / saigo ni]
,
[instruction]
"[First / Next / Finally], [do this]."
ใคใใซใใชในใง ใใ
ใฃใทใ ใซใฆใใ ใใใ
Tsugi ni, nabe de juppun nite kudasai.
Next, please simmer in the pot for 10 minutes.
๏ฝใฆใใ โ "After doing ~"
ใฆ-form + ใใ (kara) = "after doing ~". Connects two actions in order.
โข ใใฃใฆใใ ใซใพใ = "after cutting, simmer"
โข ใใใฆใใ ใพใใพใ = "after adding, mix"
The action before ใใ always happens first.
โข ใใฃใฆใใ ใซใพใ = "after cutting, simmer"
โข ใใใฆใใ ใพใใพใ = "after adding, mix"
The action before ใใ always happens first.
[VERB-ใฆ]
ใใใ
[NEXT ACTION]
[verb-te]
kara,
[next action]
"After [verb-ing], [next action]."
ใใฃใฆใใใใชใซใ ใใพใใ๏ผ
Kitte kara, nani wo shimasu ka?
After cutting, what do we do?
๏ฝใชใใงใใ ใใ โ "Please don't ~"
ใชใ-form of a verb + ใง + ใใ ใใ = "please don't ~". Used for negative instructions and warnings.
โข ใใใ โ ใใใชใ + ใง + ใใ ใใ = ใใใชใใงใใ ใใ (please don't add)
โข ใใ โ ใใใชใ + ใง + ใใ ใใ = ใใใชใใงใใ ใใ (please don't grill)
Casual: drop ใใ ใใ โ ใใใชใใง (don't add it).
โข ใใใ โ ใใใชใ + ใง + ใใ ใใ = ใใใชใใงใใ ใใ (please don't add)
โข ใใ โ ใใใชใ + ใง + ใใ ใใ = ใใใชใใงใใ ใใ (please don't grill)
Casual: drop ใใ ใใ โ ใใใชใใง (don't add it).
[VERB-ใชใ]
ใงใใ ใใใ
[verb-nai]
de kudasai.
"Please don't [verb]."
ใพใ ใใใชใใงใใ ใใใ
Mada irenaide kudasai.
Please don't add it yet.
๏ฝใทใ / ๏ฝใตใ โ Counting minutes
Minutes use the counter ใตใ (fun) or ใทใ (pun) depending on the number:
โข ใใฃใทใ (1), ใซใตใ (2), ใใใทใ (3), ใใใทใ (4), ใใตใ (5)
โข ใใฃใทใ (6), ใชใชใตใ (7), ใฏใฃใทใ / ใฏใกใตใ (8), ใใ ใใตใ (9), ใใ ใฃใทใ (10)
ใชใใทใ (nanpun) = "how many minutes?"
โข ใใฃใทใ (1), ใซใตใ (2), ใใใทใ (3), ใใใทใ (4), ใใตใ (5)
โข ใใฃใทใ (6), ใชใชใตใ (7), ใฏใฃใทใ / ใฏใกใตใ (8), ใใ ใใตใ (9), ใใ ใฃใทใ (10)
ใชใใทใ (nanpun) = "how many minutes?"
[NUMBER]
ใทใ / ใตใ ใพใฃใฆใใ ใใใ
[number]
pun / fun matte kudasai.
"Please wait [N] minutes."
ใใใทใ ใพใฃใฆใใ ใใใ
Sanpun matte kudasai.
Please wait 3 minutes.
๏ฝใฏใ / ๏ฝใฑใ โ Counting cups and spoonfuls
ใฏใ (hai) / ใฑใ (pai) / ใฐใ (bai) is the counter for cups, glasses, and spoonfuls:
โข ใใฃใฑใ (1), ใซใฏใ (2), ใใใฐใ (3), ใใใฏใ (4), ใใฏใ (5)
Used for measuring ingredients: ใฟใ ใใฃใฑใ = "one cup of water", ใใ ใฒใจใใ = "one spoonful of salt".
โข ใใฃใฑใ (1), ใซใฏใ (2), ใใใฐใ (3), ใใใฏใ (4), ใใฏใ (5)
Used for measuring ingredients: ใฟใ ใใฃใฑใ = "one cup of water", ใใ ใฒใจใใ = "one spoonful of salt".
[INGREDIENT]
[NUMBER]
ใฏใ / ใฑใ
[ingredient]
[number]
hai / pai
"[N] cup(s) of [ingredient]"
ใฟใใ ใซใฏใ ใใใฆใใ ใใใ
Mizu wo ni-hai irete kudasai.
Please add two cups of water.
| Japanese | Romaji | Meaning |
|---|---|---|
| ใใ | yaku | to grill / to fry |
| ใซใ | niru | to boil / to simmer |
| ใใ | kiru | to cut |
| ใพใใ | mazeru | to mix |
| ใใใ | ageru | to deep-fry |
| ใใ | musu | to steam |
| ใใใ | ireru | to put in / to add |
| ใพใค | matsu | to wait |
| ใพใ | mazu | first / to begin with |
| ใคใใซ | tsugi ni | next / then |
| ใใใใซ | saigo ni | finally / lastly |
| ใชใน | nabe | pot / pan |
| ใใพใ | tamago | egg |
| ใใใ | yasai | vegetables |
| ใซใ | niku | meat |