๐Ÿ‡ฏ๐Ÿ‡ต JAPANESE ยท N5

Lesson 07 โ€” Basic Verbs

ใใปใ‚“ใฎใฉใ†ใ—  ยท  Kihon no Doushi

Listening & Speaking Practice  ยท  Standard ยท Casual ยท Formal

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๐Ÿ“‹ Verb Reference โ€” 16 Essential Meanings

The core Japanese verbs you need to say almost anything at N5. Each verb shown in its polite ใพใ™ form, with the plain (casual) form in brackets. Press โ–ถ to hear a sample sentence.

GROUP 1 โ€” Being & Existence
Verb (polite)PlainEnglishKey PatternExample
ใงใ™
ใ  is (identity) [NOUN] + ใงใ™ ใ“ใ‚Œใฏ ใปใ‚“ใงใ™ใ€‚ โ€” This is a book.
ใ„ใพใ™
ใ„ใ‚‹ is (location) / there is โ€” animate [PLACE]ใซ [PERSON/ANIMAL]ใŒ ใ„ใพใ™ ใ“ใ†ใˆใ‚“ใซ ใ“ใฉใ‚‚ใŒ ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ โ€” There are children in the park.
ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™
ใ‚ใ‚‹ is (location) / there is โ€” inanimate [PLACE]ใซ [THING]ใŒ ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ ใคใใˆใซ ใปใ‚“ใŒ ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ โ€” There is a book on the desk.
GROUP 2 โ€” Having, Wanting & Liking
Verb / FormPlainEnglishKey PatternExample
[ใ‚‚ใฎ]ใŒ ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™
ใ‚ใ‚‹ has (things/time) ใ‚ใŸใ—ใฏ [THING]ใŒ ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ ใ˜ใ‹ใ‚“ใŒ ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ โ€” I have time.
[ใฒใจ]ใŒ ใ„ใพใ™
ใ„ใ‚‹ has (people/pets) ใ‚ใŸใ—ใฏ [PERSON/PET]ใŒ ใ„ใพใ™ ใจใ‚‚ใ ใกใŒ ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ โ€” I have friends.
ใปใ—ใ„ใงใ™
ใปใ—ใ„ wants (a noun) [NOUN]ใŒ ใปใ—ใ„ใงใ™ ใใคใŒ ใปใ—ใ„ใงใ™ใ€‚ โ€” I want shoes.
๏ฝžใŸใ„ใงใ™
๏ฝžใŸใ„ wants to (verb) [VERB-stem]ใŸใ„ใงใ™ โ€” remove ใพใ™ first ใ„ใใŸใ„ใงใ™ใ€‚ โ€” I want to go. (ใ„ใ + ใŸใ„)
ใ™ใใงใ™
ใ™ใใ  likes [NOUN]ใŒ ใ™ใใงใ™ ใซใปใ‚“ใ”ใŒ ใ™ใใงใ™ใ€‚ โ€” I like Japanese.
GROUP 3 โ€” Movement & Action
Verb (polite)PlainEnglishKey PatternExample
ใ„ใใพใ™
ใ„ใ goes [PLACE]ใซ/ใธ ใ„ใใพใ™ ใŒใฃใ“ใ†ใซ ใ„ใใพใ™ใ€‚ โ€” I go to school.
ใงใพใ™
ใงใ‚‹ leaves / leaves from [PLACE]ใ‚’ ใงใพใ™ ใ„ใˆใ‚’ ใงใพใ™ใ€‚ โ€” I leave the house. (ใ‚’ not ใ‹ใ‚‰!)
ใ‹ใˆใ‚Šใพใ™
ใ‹ใˆใ‚‹ returns / goes back [PLACE]ใซ ใ‹ใˆใ‚Šใพใ™ ใ†ใกใซ ใ‹ใˆใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ โ€” I go back home.
ใ—ใพใ™
ใ™ใ‚‹ does / makes [NOUN]ใ‚’ ใ—ใพใ™ ในใ‚“ใใ‚‡ใ†ใ‚’ ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ โ€” I study. (lit. "do study")
ใŠใใพใ™
ใŠใ puts / places [PLACE]ใซ [THING]ใ‚’ ใŠใใพใ™ ใƒ†ใƒผใƒ–ใƒซใซ ใปใ‚“ใ‚’ ใŠใใพใ™ใ€‚ โ€” I put the book on the table.
ใใพใ™ ็€ใ‚‹
ใใ‚‹ puts on (clothing) [CLOTHING]ใ‚’ ใใพใ™ ใ‚ทใƒฃใƒ„ใ‚’ ใใพใ™ใ€‚ โ€” I put on a shirt. โš  โ‰  ใใพใ™(ๆฅใ‚‹) = to come
GROUP 4 โ€” Ability, Communication & Perception
Verb (polite)PlainEnglishKey PatternExample
ใงใใพใ™
ใงใใ‚‹ can / is able to [NOUN]ใŒ ใงใใพใ™ / [verb]ใ“ใจใŒ ใงใใพใ™ ใซใปใ‚“ใ”ใŒ ใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ โ€” I can speak Japanese.
ใ‚ใ’ใพใ™
ใ‚ใ’ใ‚‹ gives (to others) [PERSON]ใซ [THING]ใ‚’ ใ‚ใ’ใพใ™ ใจใ‚‚ใ ใกใซ ใปใ‚“ใ‚’ ใ‚ใ’ใพใ™ใ€‚ โ€” I give a book to my friend.
ใใ‚Œใพใ™
ใใ‚Œใ‚‹ gives (to me) [PERSON]ใŒ [THING]ใ‚’ ใใ‚Œใพใ™ ใ›ใ‚“ใ›ใ„ใŒ ใปใ‚“ใ‚’ ใใ‚Œใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ โ€” My teacher gave me a book.
ใ„ใ„ใพใ™
ใ„ใ† says / tells ใ€Œ๏ฝžใ€ใจ ใ„ใ„ใพใ™ ใ€Œใ‚ใ‚ŠใŒใจใ†ใ€ใจ ใ„ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ โ€” I say "thank you."
ใ—ใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™
ใ—ใฃใฆใ‚‹ knows (facts) [THING]ใ‚’ ใ—ใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ ใใฎ ใ“ใจใฐใ‚’ ใ—ใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ โ€” I know that word.
ใฟใพใ™
ใฟใ‚‹ sees / watches [THING]ใ‚’ ใฟใพใ™ ใˆใ„ใŒใ‚’ ใฟใพใ™ใ€‚ โ€” I watch a movie.

โš  Homonym alert: ใŠใใพใ™(่ตทใใ‚‹) = to wake up vs ใŠใใพใ™(็ฝฎใ) = to put.   ใใพใ™(ๆฅใ‚‹) = to come vs ใใพใ™(็€ใ‚‹) = to put on clothing. Context tells them apart.

๐Ÿ—ฃ Mini Dialogues

Three scenes using the basic verbs in natural context. Press โ–ถ to hear each line.

A โ€” FORMAL ยท University Library
ใ‚จใƒž
ใ™ใฟใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€ใจใ—ใ‚‡ใ‹ใ‚“ใซ ใซใปใ‚“ใ”ใฎ ใ˜ใ—ใ‚‡ใŒ ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
Sumimasen, toshokan ni Nihongo no jisho ga arimasu ka?
Excuse me, is there a Japanese dictionary in the library?
[PLACE] ใซ [THING] ใŒ ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ ใ‹๏ผŸ
[place] ni [thing] ga arimasu ka?
at [place] [location marker] [thing] there is?
โ†’ "Is there a [thing] at [place]?" โ€” ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ for non-living things, ใ„ใพใ™ for living beings.
ใ‚„ใพใ ๅ…ˆ็”Ÿ
ใฏใ„ใ€ใซใ‹ใ„ใซ ใ”ใ–ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ใƒ‘ใ‚ฝใ‚ณใƒณใ‚‚ ใ”ใ–ใ„ใพใ™ ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€ในใ‚“ใใ‚‡ใ†ใŒ ใงใใพใ™ใ‚ˆใ€‚
Hai, nikai ni gozaimasu. Pasokon mo gozaimasu kara, benkyou ga dekimasu yo.
Yes, it's on the second floor. There are computers too, so you can study.
ใ‚จใƒž
ใ‚ใ‚ŠใŒใจใ†ใ”ใ–ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ใ„ใพใ‹ใ‚‰ ใ„ใฃใฆใใพใ™ใ€‚
Arigatou gozaimasu. Ima kara itte kimasu.
Thank you very much. I'll head there now. (lit. "I'll go and come back")
B โ€” STANDARD ยท Weekend Plans
ใฟใฉใ‚Š
ใ—ใ‚…ใ†ใพใคใ€ใˆใ„ใŒใ‚’ ใฟใซ ใ„ใใพใ™ใ‹๏ผŸใ‚ใŸใ‚‰ใ—ใ„ ใˆใ„ใŒใŒ ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ ใ‚ˆใ€‚
Shuumatsu, eiga wo mi ni ikimasu ka? Atarashii eiga ga arimasu yo.
Do you want to go see a movie this weekend? There's a new one.
[VERB-stem] ใซ ใ„ใใพใ™
[verb-stem] ni ikimasu
to [purpose] [purpose marker] go
โ†’ "Go to [verb]" โ€” attach ใซ to the verb stem (drop ใพใ™): ใฟใพใ™ โ†’ ใฟ + ใซ + ใ„ใใพใ™ = "go to see."
ใ‚ขใƒฌใƒƒใ‚ฏใ‚น
ใ„ใใŸใ„ใงใ™๏ผใงใ‚‚ ใพใš ใŠใ‹ใ‚ใ•ใ‚“ใซ ใƒ—ใƒฌใ‚ผใƒณใƒˆใ‚’ ใ‚ใ’ใพใ™ใ€‚ใชใ‚“ใ˜ใซ ใ†ใกใ‚’ ใงใพใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
Ikitai desu! Demo mazu okaasan ni purezento wo agemasu. Nanji ni uchi wo demasu ka?
I want to go! But first I'll give a present to my mum. What time do you leave the house?
ใฟใฉใ‚Š
ใ”ใ”ใ„ใกใ˜ใซ ใงใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚ใ‚ˆใ‚‹ใซใฏ ใ†ใกใซ ใ‹ใˆใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
Gogo ichiji ni demashou. Yoru ni wa uchi ni kaerimasu.
Let's leave at 1pm. I'll go home in the evening.
C โ€” CASUAL ยท Friends Talking About Music
ใ‚†ใ
ใญใˆใ€ใ“ใฎ ใƒใƒณใƒ‰ ใ—ใฃใฆใ‚‹๏ผŸใ™ใ”ใ ใ™ใใชใ‚“ใ ใ‘ใฉใ€‚
Nee, kono bando shitteru? Sugoku suki nan da kedo.
Hey, do you know this band? I really like them.
ใƒซใƒผใ‚ซใ‚น
ใ—ใฃใฆใ‚‹ ใ‚ˆ๏ผใผใใ‚‚ ใ™ใใ  ใ‚ˆใ€‚ใƒฉใ‚คใƒ–ใซ ใ„ใใŸใ„ ใชใ€‚ใƒใ‚ฑใƒƒใƒˆ ใปใ—ใ„ใญใ€‚
Shitteru yo! Boku mo suki da yo. Raibu ni ikitai na. Chiketto hoshii ne.
I know them! I like them too. I want to go to a live show. I want tickets.
[NOUN] ใŒ ใปใ—ใ„
[thing] ga hoshii
[noun] want (casual)
โ†’ ใปใ—ใ„ = want (a noun) โ€” casual plain form. For wanting to DO something: [verb-stem] + ใŸใ„. Never ใปใ—ใ„ + verb.
ใ‚†ใ
ใ˜ใ‚ƒใ‚ ใ—ใ‚‰ในใฆ ใฟใ‚ˆใ† ใ‚ˆ๏ผใ‚ใจใง ใ‹ใˆใ‚‹๏ผŸ
Jaa shirabete miyou yo! Atode kaeru?
Then let's try looking it up! Are you going home later?
1 ยท The three "to be" verbs โ€” ใงใ™ vs ใ„ใพใ™ vs ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™
ใงใ™ โ€” identity
ใ“ใ‚Œใฏ ใปใ‚“ใงใ™ใ€‚
Kore wa hon desu.
"This is a book." โ€” What is it?
Identifies a noun โ€” X is Y.
ใ„ใพใ™ โ€” location (animate)
ใˆใใซ ใฒใจใŒ ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
Eki ni hito ga imasu.
"There are people at the station."
People, animals, living things.
ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ โ€” location (inanimate)
ใˆใใซ ใ‚ณใƒณใƒ“ใƒ‹ใŒ ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
Eki ni konbini ga arimasu.
"There is a convenience store at the station."
Objects, buildings, events, things.
ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ / ใ„ใพใ™ โ€” possession
ใปใ‚“ใŒ ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚  ใ„ใฌใŒ ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
Hon ga arimasu.   Inu ga imasu.
"I have a book." / "I have a dog."
Same rule: things โ†’ ใ‚ใ‚‹, pets/people โ†’ ใ„ใ‚‹.
2 ยท Wanting things vs. wanting to do things โ€” ใปใ—ใ„ vs ๏ฝžใŸใ„
ใปใ—ใ„ใงใ™ โ€” want a noun
[NOUN]ใŒ ใปใ—ใ„ใงใ™
[noun] ga hoshii desu
"I want [noun]."
e.g. ใ‚ณใƒผใƒ’ใƒผใŒ ใปใ—ใ„ โ€” I want coffee.
๏ฝžใŸใ„ใงใ™ โ€” want to verb
[VERB-stem]ใŸใ„ใงใ™
[verb stem] tai desu
"I want to [verb]."
e.g. ใฎใฟใŸใ„ โ€” I want to drink. (ใฎใฟ + ใŸใ„)
3 ยท Giving โ€” ใ‚ใ’ใพใ™ vs ใใ‚Œใพใ™
ใ‚ใ’ใพใ™ โ€” I/we give to others
ใ‚ใŸใ—ใŒ [PERSON]ใซ [THING]ใ‚’ ใ‚ใ’ใพใ™
Watashi ga [person] ni [thing] wo agemasu.
"I give [thing] to [person]."
Direction: away from me โ†’ outward.
ใใ‚Œใพใ™ โ€” others give to me
[PERSON]ใŒ ใ‚ใŸใ—ใซ [THING]ใ‚’ ใใ‚Œใพใ™
[Person] ga watashi ni [thing] wo kuremasu.
"[Person] gives me [thing]."
Direction: inward โ†’ toward me/my side.
4 ยท ใ—ใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ โ€” "I know" uses ใฆ-ใ„ใ‚‹
โœ… ใ—ใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™
ใใฎ ใ†ใŸใ‚’ ใ—ใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
Sono uta wo shitte imasu.
"I know that song." โ€” correct!
ใ—ใ‚‹ (to come to know) โ†’ te-iru = ongoing state of knowing.
โŒ ใ—ใ‚Šใพใ™ (wrong)
ใใฎ ใ†ใŸใ‚’ ใ—ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
Sono uta wo shirimasu.
โŒ Unnatural โ€” never say this!
Negative: ใ—ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ โœ… (I don't know) or ใ—ใฃใฆใ„ใพใ›ใ‚“.

Exercise A โ€” Flashcard Practice

Click the card to flip it. Use the audio button on the front to hear the sentence first.

Tap to reveal
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Exercise B โ€” Listen & Choose the Meaning

Press โ–ถ to hear each sentence, then select the correct English meaning.

Exercise C โ€” Choose the Right Response

Press โ–ถ to hear the prompt, then pick the most natural Japanese reply.

Exercise D โ€” Listen & Write in Romaji

Press โ–ถ Hear it and type what you hear in romaji. No capitals or punctuation needed.

Tip: long vowels are fine as single vowels โ€” e.g. type "ikimasu" for ใ„ใใพใ™, "shitte imasu" for ใ—ใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™.

Exercise E โ€” Shadowing Practice

Listen to each line, repeat it aloud, then mark it as practised. Complete all 9 lines to finish.

0 of 9 lines practised

ใ„ใพใ™ vs ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ โ€” animate vs inanimate

The golden rule: ใ„ใพใ™ for things that can move on their own (people, animals); ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ for things that cannot (objects, buildings, events).
  โ€ข ใญใ“ใŒ ใ„ใพใ™ โœ…   โ€ข ใปใ‚“ใŒ ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ โœ…
  โ€ข ใปใ‚“ใŒ ใ„ใพใ™ โŒ   โ€ข ใญใ“ใŒ ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ โŒ
Exception: ใƒญใƒœใƒƒใƒˆ (robot) and animated characters are often used with ใ„ใพใ™ because speakers treat them as having will.
Possession uses the same rule: ใจใ‚‚ใ ใกใŒ ใ„ใพใ™ (I have friends) vs ใ˜ใ—ใ‚‡ใŒ ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ (I have a dictionary).
A: ใ“ใ†ใˆใ‚“ใซ ใ ใ‚Œใ‹ ใ„ใพใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ  B: ใฏใ„ใ€ใ“ใฉใ‚‚ใŒ ใŸใใ•ใ‚“ ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ใƒ™ใƒณใƒใฎ ใใฐใซ ใญใ“ใ‚‚ ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
A: Kouen ni dareka imasu ka?   B: Hai, kodomo ga takusan imasu. Benchi no soba ni neko mo imasu.
A: Is anyone in the park?   B: Yes, there are lots of children. There's also a cat near the bench.

ใปใ—ใ„ใงใ™ vs ๏ฝžใŸใ„ใงใ™ โ€” wanting nouns vs actions

ใปใ—ใ„ใงใ™ follows noun + ใŒ: [NOUN]ใŒ ใปใ—ใ„ใงใ™.
๏ฝžใŸใ„ใงใ™ attaches to the verb stem (ใพใ™ form minus ใพใ™):
  โ€ข ใŸในใพใ™ โ†’ ใŸใน + ใŸใ„ = ใŸในใŸใ„ใงใ™ (I want to eat)
  โ€ข ใ„ใใพใ™ โ†’ ใ„ใ + ใŸใ„ = ใ„ใใŸใ„ใงใ™ (I want to go)
  โ€ข ใฟใพใ™ โ†’ ใฟ + ใŸใ„ = ใฟใŸใ„ใงใ™ (I want to see/watch)
Use ใŒ or ใ‚’ with ๏ฝžใŸใ„ใงใ™: both are acceptable, but ใ‚’ is more common in action sentences: ใ‚ณใƒผใƒ’ใƒผใ‚’ ใฎใฟใŸใ„.
ใ‚ใŸใ‚‰ใ—ใ„ ใ˜ใฆใ‚“ใ—ใ‚ƒใŒ ใปใ—ใ„ใงใ™ใ€‚ใงใ‚‚ ใพใš ใŠใ‹ใญใŒ ใปใ—ใ„ใงใ™ใ€‚ใƒใ‚คใƒˆใ‚’ ใ—ใŸใ„ใงใ™ใ€‚
Atarashii jitensha ga hoshii desu. Demo mazu okane ga hoshii desu. Baito wo shitai desu.
I want a new bike. But first I want money. I want to work a part-time job.

ใ‚ใ’ใพใ™ vs ใใ‚Œใพใ™ โ€” the direction of giving

Both mean "give," but the direction is opposite:
  โ€ข ใ‚ใ’ใพใ™ โ€” I (or anyone) give TO someone else: speaker โ†’ other
  โ€ข ใใ‚Œใพใ™ โ€” someone gives TO me (or my in-group): other โ†’ speaker
Think of yourself at the centre: ใ‚ใ’ใ‚‹ goes OUT, ใใ‚Œใ‚‹ comes IN.
Pattern: [GIVER]ใŒ [RECEIVER]ใซ [THING]ใ‚’ ใ‚ใ’ใพใ™/ใใ‚Œใพใ™
Note: if the giver of ใใ‚Œใ‚‹ is obvious, it's often dropped: ใƒ—ใƒฌใ‚ผใƒณใƒˆใ‚’ ใใ‚ŒใŸ๏ผ= (They) gave me a present!
ใ‚ใŸใ—ใฏ ใจใ‚‚ใ ใกใซ ใƒใƒงใ‚ณใƒฌใƒผใƒˆใ‚’ ใ‚ใ’ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ใจใ‚‚ใ ใกใฏ ใ‚ใŸใ—ใซ ใฏใชใ‚’ ใใ‚Œใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
Watashi wa tomodachi ni chokoreeto wo agemashita. Tomodachi wa watashi ni hana wo kuremashita.
I gave chocolate to my friend. My friend gave me flowers.

ใ—ใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ โ€” "know" must use ใฆ-ใ„ใ‚‹

ใ—ใ‚‹ (็Ÿฅใ‚‹) means "to come to know / to find out." In English "I know" is a state, not an action โ€” and Japanese captures this with ใฆ-ใ„ใ‚‹:
  โœ… ใ—ใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ (I am in a state of knowing = I know)
  โŒ ใ—ใ‚Šใพใ™ (sounds like the moment of finding out โ€” unnatural as a general statement)
Negative: ใ—ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ (I don't know) โ† this one IS used in ใพใ™ form, not te-iru.
Casual: ใ—ใฃใฆใ‚‹ (I know) / ใ—ใ‚‰ใชใ„ (I don't know)
A: ใ‚„ใพใ ใ•ใ‚“ใฎ ใงใ‚“ใ‚ใฐใ‚“ใ”ใ† ใ—ใฃใฆใพใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ  B: ใ™ใฟใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€ใ—ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
A: Yamada-san no denwa bangou shittemasu ka?   B: Sumimasen, shirimasen.
A: Do you know Yamada's phone number?   B: Sorry, I don't know.

ใงใใพใ™ โ€” two uses: ability & possibility

ใงใใพใ™ has two main N5 uses:
1. Ability (can do): [NOUN]ใŒ ใงใใพใ™ โ†’ ใซใปใ‚“ใ”ใŒ ใงใใพใ™ = I can (do) Japanese.
2. Possibility (it is possible): [VERB plain]ใ“ใจใŒ ใงใใพใ™ โ†’ ในใ‚“ใใ‚‡ใ†ใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒ ใงใใพใ™ = It is possible to study.
Both use ใŒ. The noun pattern is more conversational; the ใ“ใจ pattern is more precise and common in writing.
ใงใใพใ›ใ‚“ = cannot / is not possible.
ใ“ใ“ใง ใ—ใ‚ƒใ—ใ‚“ใ‚’ ใจใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒ ใงใใพใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ   โ€” ใ“ใฎ ใƒ‘ใ‚ฝใ‚ณใƒณใง ใซใปใ‚“ใ”ใŒ ใงใใพใ™ใ€‚
Koko de shashin wo toru koto ga dekimasu ka?   โ€” Kono pasokon de Nihongo ga dekimasu.
Can I take photos here?   โ€” I can do Japanese on this computer.

ใงใพใ™ (to leave) โ€” uses ใ‚’, not ใ‹ใ‚‰

ใงใพใ™ (ๅ‡บใพใ™) means "to leave / exit / come out from." It uses ใ‚’ to mark the place you leave, which surprises many learners:
  โœ… ใ†ใกใ‚’ ใงใพใ™ (I leave the house)
  โš  ใ†ใกใ‹ใ‚‰ ใงใพใ™ (less natural for simple departure)
ใ‚’ + movement verb marks the space you exit or pass through. The same pattern applies to ใจใŠใ‚Šใพใ™ (pass through) and ใ‚ใŸใ‚Šใพใ™ (cross).
To say "I left at 8am": ใฏใกใ˜ใซ ใ†ใกใ‚’ ใงใพใ—ใŸ.
ใพใ„ใ‚ใ• ใฏใกใ˜ใซ ใ†ใกใ‚’ ใงใพใ™ใ€‚ใˆใใ‚’ ใงใ‚‹ใจใ€ใƒใ‚นใŒ ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
Mai asa hachi-ji ni uchi wo demasu. Eki wo deru to, basu ga arimasu.
I leave the house every morning at 8. When I exit the station, there's a bus.
Verb (polite)Plain formEnglish
ใงใ™ใ is (identity) โ€” X is Y
ใ„ใพใ™ใ„ใ‚‹is (location) / there is โ€” animate beings
ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ‚ใ‚‹is (location) / there is / has โ€” inanimate things
ใปใ—ใ„ใงใ™ใปใ—ใ„wants (a noun) โ€” [NOUN]ใŒ ใปใ—ใ„
๏ฝžใŸใ„ใงใ™๏ฝžใŸใ„wants to (verb) โ€” [verb-stem]ใŸใ„
ใ™ใใงใ™ใ™ใใ likes โ€” [NOUN]ใŒ ใ™ใ
ใ„ใใพใ™ใ„ใgoes โ€” [PLACE]ใซ ใ„ใ
ใงใพใ™ใงใ‚‹leaves / exits from โ€” [PLACE]ใ‚’ ใงใ‚‹
ใ‹ใˆใ‚Šใพใ™ใ‹ใˆใ‚‹returns / goes back โ€” [PLACE]ใซ ใ‹ใˆใ‚‹
ใ—ใพใ™ใ™ใ‚‹does / makes โ€” [NOUN]ใ‚’ ใ™ใ‚‹ (irregular verb)
ใŠใใพใ™ (็ฝฎใ)ใŠใputs / places โ€” [PLACE]ใซ [THING]ใ‚’ ใŠใ
ใใพใ™ (็€ใ‚‹)ใใ‚‹puts on (clothing) โ€” [CLOTHING]ใ‚’ ใใ‚‹ โš  โ‰  ๆฅใ‚‹
ใงใใพใ™ใงใใ‚‹can / is able to โ€” [NOUN]ใŒ ใงใใ‚‹
ใ‚ใ’ใพใ™ใ‚ใ’ใ‚‹gives (to others) โ€” [PERSON]ใซ [THING]ใ‚’ ใ‚ใ’ใ‚‹
ใใ‚Œใพใ™ใใ‚Œใ‚‹gives (to me) โ€” [PERSON]ใŒ [THING]ใ‚’ ใใ‚Œใ‚‹
ใ„ใ„ใพใ™ใ„ใ†says / tells โ€” ใ€Œ๏ฝžใ€ใจ ใ„ใ†
ใ—ใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ—ใฃใฆใ‚‹knows (facts) โ€” [THING]ใ‚’ ใ—ใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹
ใฟใพใ™ใฟใ‚‹sees / watches โ€” [THING]ใ‚’ ใฟใ‚‹