๐Ÿ‡ฏ๐Ÿ‡ต JAPANESE ยท N5

Lesson 04 โ€” Asking Directions

ใฟใกใ‚’ ใใ  ยท  Michi wo Kiku

Listening & Speaking Practice  ยท  Formal ยท Standard ยท Casual

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๐Ÿ“‹ Expression Reference

Key phrases for asking and giving directions โ€” from formal to casual. Press โ–ถ to hear any expression.

ExpressionRomajiTypical ResponseContext / Use
ใ™ใฟใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€ใˆใใฏ ใฉใกใ‚‰ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ‹๏ผŸ
Sumimasen, eki wa dochira deshou ka? ใ‚ใกใ‚‰ใงใ”ใ–ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚Achira de gozaimasu. Excuse me, which way is the station? โ€” ใฉใกใ‚‰ is the polite form of ใฉใ“; use with shop staff, officials
๏ฝžใพใงใฎใฟใกใ‚’ ใŠใ—ใˆใฆใ„ใŸใ ใ‘ใพใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
[PLACE] made no michi wo oshiete itadakemasu ka? ใพใฃใ™ใ ใ„ใฃใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚Massugu itte kudasai. Could you tell me the way to ~? โ€” very polite request; ๏ฝžใฆใ„ใŸใ ใ‘ใพใ™ใ‹ from Dialogue 02
ใ“ใฎใกใ‹ใใซ ๏ฝžใฏ ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
Kono chikaku ni [PLACE] wa arimasu ka? ใฏใ„ใ€ใ‚ใกใ‚‰ใซ ใ”ใ–ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚Hai, achira ni gozaimasu. Is there a ~ nearby? โ€” ใซ marks existence location; ใ‚ใ‚‹ (exist) for non-living things
ใ‚ใ‚‹ใ„ใฆ ใฉใฎใใ‚‰ใ„ ใ‹ใ‹ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
Aruite dono kurai kakarimasu ka? ๏ผ•ใตใ‚“ใปใฉ ใ‹ใ‹ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚Go-fun hodo kakarimasu. How long does it take on foot? โ€” ใ‚ใ‚‹ใ„ใฆ = te-form of ใ‚ใ‚‹ใ (walk); ใ‹ใ‹ใ‚‹ = to take (time)
ExpressionRomajiTypical ResponseContext / Use
ใ™ใฟใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€ใˆใใฏ ใฉใ“ใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
Sumimasen, eki wa doko desu ka? ใพใฃใ™ใ ใ„ใฃใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚Massugu itte kudasai. Excuse me, where is the station? โ€” the most practical everyday phrase for asking directions
ใฟใŽใซ ใพใŒใฃใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
Migi ni magatte kudasai. ใ‚ใ‹ใ‚Šใพใ—ใŸใ€‚Wakarimashita. Please turn right โ€” ใซ marks the direction of turning; swap ใฟใŽ (right) โ†’ ใฒใ ใ‚Š (left)
ใคใŽใฎ ใ‹ใฉใง ใพใŒใฃใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
Tsugi no kado de magatte kudasai. ใฏใ„ใ€ใ‚ใ‹ใ‚Šใพใ—ใŸใ€‚Hai, wakarimashita. Please turn at the next corner โ€” ใง marks the location of action (different from ใซ for direction)
๏ฝžใฏ ใ“ใฎใกใ‹ใใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
[PLACE] wa kono chikaku desu ka? ใฏใ„ใ€ใ‚ใใ“ใงใ™ใ€‚Hai, asoko desu. Is ~ nearby? โ€” ใ“ใฎใกใ‹ใ = around here; response: ใกใ‹ใ„ใงใ™ (close) or ใจใŠใ„ใงใ™ (far)
ใพใŒใ‚‹ใจ ใฟใˆใพใ™ใ€‚
Magaru to miemasu. ใพใŒใ‚‹ใจ ใฟใˆใพใ™ใ€‚Magaru to miemasu. When you turn, you'll see it โ€” ใจ here = "when / if"; ใฟใˆใ‚‹ = to come into view
ExpressionRomajiTypical ResponseContext / Use
ใˆใใ€ใฉใ“๏ผŸ
Eki, doko? ใ‚ใฃใกใ ใ‚ˆใ€‚Acchi da yo. Where's the station? โ€” ใฏ and ใงใ™ใ‹ dropped entirely; rising intonation carries the question
ใพใฃใ™ใ ใ„ใฃใฆใ€‚
Massugu itte. ใพใฃใ™ใ ใ„ใฃใฆใ€‚Massugu itte. Go straight โ€” te-form alone = casual request; ใใ ใ•ใ„ dropped
ใฟใŽ ใพใŒใฃใฆใ€‚
Migi magatte. ใฟใŽ ใพใŒใฃใฆใ€‚Migi magatte. Turn right โ€” ใซ and ใใ ใ•ใ„ both dropped; just direction + te-form
ใ‚ใ‚‹ใ„ใฆ ๏ผ•ใตใ‚“ใใ‚‰ใ„ใ€‚
Aruite go-fun kurai. ใ‚ใ‚‹ใ„ใฆ ๏ผ•ใตใ‚“ใใ‚‰ใ„ใ€‚Aruite go-fun kurai. About 5 minutes on foot โ€” ใใ‚‰ใ„ = approximately; ใงใ™ dropped; natural between friends

๐Ÿ—ฃ Mini Dialogues

Three short scenes asking for directions at different formality levels. Press โ–ถ to hear each line.

A โ€” FORMAL ยท Tourist Asking a Local
ใ‚จใƒž
ใ™ใฟใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€ใˆใใพใงใฎใฟใกใ‚’ ใŠใ—ใˆใฆใ„ใŸใ ใ‘ใพใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
Sumimasen, eki made no michi wo oshiete itadakemasu ka?
Excuse me, could you tell me the way to the station?
ใ™ใฟใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€ [PLACE] ใพใงใฎใฟใกใ‚’ ใŠใ—ใˆใฆใ„ใŸใ ใ‘ใพใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
Sumimasen, [place] made no michi wo oshiete itadakemasu ka?
Excuse me, [place] to / the way to / could I receive telling?
โ†’ Swap [PLACE]: ใˆใ (station) ยท ใณใ‚‡ใ†ใ„ใ‚“ (hospital) ยท ใ‚†ใ†ใณใ‚“ใใ‚‡ใ (post office) ยท ใƒ›ใƒ†ใƒซ (hotel)
ใ‚„ใพใ 
ใพใฃใ™ใ ใ„ใฃใฆใ€ใคใŽใฎ ใ‹ใฉใ‚’ ใฟใŽใซ ใพใŒใฃใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
Massugu itte, tsugi no kado wo migi ni magatte kudasai.
Go straight, then turn right at the next corner.
ใ‚จใƒž
ใ‚ใ‚ŠใŒใจใ†ใ”ใ–ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ใ‚ใ‚‹ใ„ใฆ ใฉใฎใใ‚‰ใ„ ใ‹ใ‹ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
Arigatou gozaimasu. Aruite dono kurai kakarimasu ka?
Thank you. How long does it take on foot?
B โ€” STANDARD ยท Asking for a Convenience Store
ใ‚ขใƒฌใƒƒใ‚ฏใ‚น
ใ™ใฟใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€ใ“ใฎใกใ‹ใใซ ใ‚ณใƒณใƒ“ใƒ‹ใฏ ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
Sumimasen, kono chikaku ni konbini wa arimasu ka?
Excuse me, is there a convenience store nearby?
ใฟใฉใ‚Š
ใฏใ„ใ€ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ใ‚ใฎใ‹ใฉใ‚’ ใฒใ ใ‚Šใซ ใพใŒใ‚‹ใจ ใฟใˆใพใ™ใ‚ˆใ€‚
Hai, arimasu. Ano kado wo hidari ni magaru to miemasu yo.
Yes, there is. Turn left at that corner and you'll see it.
[DIRECTION] ใซ ใพใŒใ‚‹ใจ ใฟใˆใพใ™ใ€‚
[direction] ni magaru to miemasu.
[direction] turn โ€” when/if you can see it.
โ†’ ใจ after a plain-form verb = "when / if you do ~." Natural for giving directions: ใพใฃใ™ใใ„ใใจ โ†’ ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ / ใฟใˆใพใ™.
ใ‚ขใƒฌใƒƒใ‚ฏใ‚น
ใ‚ใ‹ใ‚Šใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ใ‚ใ‚ŠใŒใจใ†ใ”ใ–ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
Wakarimashita. Arigatou gozaimasu.
Got it. Thank you very much.
C โ€” CASUAL ยท Friends Looking for a Restaurant
ใ‚†ใ
ใญใˆใ€ใ‚ใฎใƒฉใƒผใƒกใƒณใ‚„ใ•ใ‚“ ใฉใ“ใ ใฃใ‘๏ผŸ
Nee, ano raamen-yasan doko dakke?
Hey, where's that ramen place again?
ใฏใ‚‹ใจ
ใˆใใ‹ใ‚‰ ใพใฃใ™ใใงใ€ใฟใŽใŒใ‚ใซ ใ‚ใ‚‹ใ‚ˆใ€‚
Eki kara massugu de, migi gawa ni aru yo.
From the station, go straight โ€” it's on the right side.
ใ‚†ใ
ใ‚ใ€ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ๏ผใ‚ใ‚ŠใŒใจใ†๏ผ
A, wakatta! Arigatou!
Oh, got it! Thanks!
1 ยท Ask where something is
FORMAL
[PLACE]ใฏ ใฉใกใ‚‰ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ‹๏ผŸ
[place] wa dochira deshou ka?
โ†’ "Which way is ~?" โ€” ใฉใกใ‚‰ is the polite form of ใฉใ“; deshou ka is softer than desu ka.
STANDARD
[PLACE]ใฏ ใฉใ“ใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
[place] wa doko desu ka?
โ†’ "Where is ~?" โ€” the go-to everyday form; reliable with strangers and locals alike.
CASUAL
[PLACE]ใ€ใฉใ“๏ผŸ
[place], doko?
โ†’ "Where's ~?" โ€” ใฏ and ใงใ™ใ‹ both dropped; rising intonation makes it a question.
2 ยท Give a direction โ€” straight / turn
STANDARD
ใพใฃใ™ใ ใ„ใฃใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
Massugu itte kudasai.
โ†’ "Please go straight." โ€” ใพใฃใ™ใ (straight ahead) + ใ„ใ (go) in te-form + ใใ ใ•ใ„.
STANDARD
[ใฟใŽใƒปใฒใ ใ‚Š]ใซ ใพใŒใฃใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
[migi/hidari] ni magatte kudasai.
โ†’ "Please turn right/left." โ€” ใซ marks direction; ใพใŒใ‚‹ (to turn) in ใฆ-form + ใใ ใ•ใ„.
CASUAL
[ใฟใŽใƒปใฒใ ใ‚Š]ใพใŒใฃใฆใ€‚
[migi/hidari] magatte.
โ†’ "Turn right/left." โ€” ใซ and ใใ ใ•ใ„ both dropped; te-form alone = casual request.
3 ยท Ask how long it takes
STANDARD
ใ‚ใ‚‹ใ„ใฆ ใฉใฎใใ‚‰ใ„ ใ‹ใ‹ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
Aruite dono kurai kakarimasu ka?
โ†’ "How long does it take on foot?" โ€” ใ‚ใ‚‹ใ„ใฆ = te-form of ใ‚ใ‚‹ใ; ใ‹ใ‹ใ‚‹ = to take (time/cost).
CASUAL
ใ‚ใ‚‹ใ„ใฆ ใฉใฎใใ‚‰ใ„๏ผŸ
Aruite dono kurai?
โ†’ "How long on foot?" โ€” ใ‹ใ‹ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ‹ dropped; the meaning is clear from context.
4 ยท Say it's nearby or far
STANDARD
ใ‚ใ‚‹ใ„ใฆ[NUMBER]ใตใ‚“ใงใ™ใ€‚
Aruite [number] fun desu.
โ†’ "It's [X] minutes on foot." โ€” ใกใ‹ใ„ใงใ™ (it's close) ยท ใจใŠใ„ใงใ™ (it's far) are also useful here.
CASUAL
ใ‚ใ‚‹ใ„ใฆ[NUMBER]ใตใ‚“ใใ‚‰ใ„ใ€‚
Aruite [number] fun kurai.
โ†’ "About [X] minutes on foot." โ€” ใใ‚‰ใ„ = approximately; ใงใ™ dropped in casual speech.

A  โ€” Flashcards

Click the card to flip it and reveal the romaji and meaning. Press โ–ถ on the front to hear the phrase.

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B  โ€” Listen & Choose the Meaning

Press โ–ถ to hear each phrase, then pick the correct English meaning from the four options.

C  โ€” Choose the Right Response

Press โ–ถ to hear the prompt (Japanese + romaji shown), then choose the best response. Romaji is shown on all options.

D  โ€” Listen & Write in Romaji

Press โ–ถ to hear each phrase, then type what you heard in romaji. Japanese letters are not needed.

๐Ÿ’ก Tip: Long vowels โ†’ double the vowel (ใŠใ† = ou). ใตใ‚“ (minutes) = fun. ใพใŒใ‚‹ (turn) = magaru.

E  โ€” Shadowing Practice

Listen to each line, say it out loud, then tick Practised โœ“. Pay attention to the direction words โ€” ใฟใŽ, ใฒใ ใ‚Š, ใพใฃใ™ใ.

๐ŸŽ™ Tip: When giving directions in Japanese, the verb always comes last โ€” ใพใฃใ™ใ ใ„ใฃใฆใ€ใฟใŽใซ ใพใŒใฃใฆ. Try memorising the order: destination โ†’ direction โ†’ verb.
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๏ฝžใฏใฉใ“ใงใ™ใ‹ โ€” "Where is ~?"

The most essential question for asking directions. Structure: [PLACE] ใฏ ใฉใ“ ใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
โ€ข ใฏ marks the place as the topic.
โ€ข ใฉใ“ = where.
โ€ข Formal upgrade: ใฉใ“ โ†’ ใฉใกใ‚‰ (which direction / which way โ€” more polite).
โ€ข Super-formal: ใฉใกใ‚‰ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ‹ (adds uncertainty/humility with ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ‹).
[PLACE] ใฏ ใฉใ“ใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
[place] wa doko desu ka?
โ†’ ใˆใใฏใฉใ“ใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ(station) ยท ใƒˆใ‚คใƒฌใฏใฉใ“ใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ(toilet) ยท ใƒ›ใƒ†ใƒซใฏใฉใ“ใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ(hotel)
ใ™ใฟใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€ใ‚†ใ†ใณใ‚“ใใ‚‡ใใฏ ใฉใ“ใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
Sumimasen, yuubinkyoku wa doko desu ka?
Excuse me, where is the post office?

ใฟใŽ ยท ใฒใ ใ‚Š ยท ใพใฃใ™ใ โ€” Core direction words

The three direction words you must know cold:
โ€ข ใฟใŽ (migi) โ€” right
โ€ข ใฒใ ใ‚Š (hidari) โ€” left
โ€ข ใพใฃใ™ใ (massugu) โ€” straight ahead
Add ใŒใ‚ (side) to ใฟใŽ and ใฒใ ใ‚Š to say "right side" and "left side": ใฟใŽใŒใ‚ ยท ใฒใ ใ‚ŠใŒใ‚.
Add ใซ when describing which direction to turn: ใฟใŽใซ ใพใŒใ‚‹ (turn to the right).
ใพใฃใ™ใ ใ„ใฃใฆใ€ใฒใ ใ‚Šใซ ใพใŒใฃใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
Massugu itte, hidari ni magatte kudasai.
Go straight, then turn left.

ใซ vs ใง โ€” Direction particle vs Location-of-action particle

Two particles that are easy to confuse in directions:
โ€ข ใซ โ€” marks the direction of movement: ใฟใŽใซ ใพใŒใ‚‹ (turn to the right).
โ€ข ใง โ€” marks where an action happens: ใคใŽใฎใ‹ใฉใง ใพใŒใ‚‹ (turn at the next corner).
Think of ใซ as "towards" and ใง as "at the spot where."
ใคใŽใฎใ‹ใฉใง ใฟใŽใซ ใพใŒใฃใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
Tsugi no kado de migi ni magatte kudasai.
Turn right at the next corner.

ใ‚ใ‚‹ใ„ใฆ ๏ฝžใตใ‚“ โ€” Distance in minutes on foot

ใ‚ใ‚‹ใ„ใฆ is the te-form of ใ‚ใ‚‹ใ (to walk) โ€” used adverbially to mean "on foot / walking." Paired with a time + ใตใ‚“ (minutes) and ใ‹ใ‹ใ‚Šใพใ™ (it takes), it gives walking distance:
โ€ข ใ‚ใ‚‹ใ„ใฆ ๏ผ•ใตใ‚“ใงใ™ โ€” It's 5 minutes on foot.
โ€ข ใ‚ใ‚‹ใ„ใฆ ๏ผ•ใตใ‚“ ใ‹ใ‹ใ‚Šใพใ™ โ€” It takes 5 minutes walking.
Common minutes: ใ„ใฃใทใ‚“ (1 min) ยท ใ•ใ‚“ใทใ‚“ (3 min) ยท ใ”ใตใ‚“ (5 min) ยท ใ˜ใ‚…ใฃใทใ‚“ (10 min) ยท ใ˜ใ‚…ใ†ใ”ใตใ‚“ (15 min).
ใˆใใ‹ใ‚‰ ใ‚ใ‚‹ใ„ใฆ ใ˜ใ‚…ใฃใทใ‚“ใงใ™ใ€‚
Eki kara aruite juppun desu.
It's a 10-minute walk from the station.

ใพใŒใ‚‹ใจ ใฟใˆใพใ™ โ€” Conditional ใจ

When ใจ follows a plain-form verb, it expresses a natural consequence: "when / if you do X, Y happens." This is common in directions:
โ€ข ใพใŒใ‚‹ใจ ใฟใˆใพใ™ โ€” When you turn, you'll see it.
โ€ข ใพใฃใ™ใใ„ใใจ ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ โ€” If you go straight, it's there.
The result (Y) is always something natural or automatic โ€” not a request or intention.
ใ“ใฎใฟใกใ‚’ ใพใฃใ™ใใ„ใใจใ€ใˆใใŒ ใฟใˆใพใ™ใ€‚
Kono michi wo massugu iku to, eki ga miemasu.
If you go straight along this road, you'll see the station.

๏ฝžใ‹ใ‚‰ (from) and ๏ฝžใพใง (to/until)

Two essential particles for describing routes:
โ€ข ใ‹ใ‚‰ โ€” from (starting point): ใˆใใ‹ใ‚‰ ใพใฃใ™ใ (straight from the station).
โ€ข ใพใง โ€” to / as far as (endpoint): ใˆใใพใง ใ‚ใ‚‹ใ„ใฆ ๏ผ•ใตใ‚“ใงใ™ (5 minutes' walk to the station).
Together: ใˆใใ‹ใ‚‰ ใƒ›ใƒ†ใƒซใพใง = from the station to the hotel.
ใ“ใ“ใ‹ใ‚‰ ใˆใใพใง ใ‚ใ‚‹ใ„ใฆ ใชใ‚“ใทใ‚“ใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
Koko kara eki made aruite nanpun desu ka?
How many minutes' walk is it from here to the station?
JapaneseRomajiMeaning
ใฟใŽmigiRight
ใฒใ ใ‚ŠhidariLeft
ใพใฃใ™ใmassuguStraight ahead
ใพใŒใ‚‹magaruTo turn
ใ‹ใฉkadoCorner
ใฉใ“dokoWhere
ใฉใกใ‚‰dochiraWhich way / where (polite)
ใกใ‹ใ„chikaiClose / nearby (ใ„-adjective)
ใจใŠใ„tooiFar (ใ„-adjective)
ใ‚ใ‚‹ใarukuTo walk
ใ‹ใ‹ใ‚‹kakaruTo take (time); to cost
ใฟใˆใ‚‹mieruTo be visible; to come into view
ใ‚ใใ“asokoOver there
ใฟใŽใŒใ‚migi gawaRight side
ใฒใ ใ‚ŠใŒใ‚hidari gawaLeft side