Lesson 04 โ Asking Directions
ใฟใกใ ใใ ยท Michi wo Kiku
Listening & Speaking Practice ยท Formal ยท Standard ยท Casual
๐ Expression Reference
Key phrases for asking and giving directions โ from formal to casual. Press โถ to hear any expression.
| Expression | Romaji | Typical Response | Context / Use |
|---|---|---|---|
| ใใฟใพใใใใใใฏ ใฉใกใใงใใใใ๏ผ |
Sumimasen, eki wa dochira deshou ka? | ใใกใใงใใใใพใใAchira de gozaimasu. | Excuse me, which way is the station? โ ใฉใกใ is the polite form of ใฉใ; use with shop staff, officials |
| ๏ฝใพใงใฎใฟใกใ ใใใใฆใใใ ใใพใใ๏ผ |
[PLACE] made no michi wo oshiete itadakemasu ka? | ใพใฃใใ ใใฃใฆใใ ใใใMassugu itte kudasai. | Could you tell me the way to ~? โ very polite request; ๏ฝใฆใใใ ใใพใใ from Dialogue 02 |
| ใใฎใกใใใซ ๏ฝใฏ ใใใพใใ๏ผ |
Kono chikaku ni [PLACE] wa arimasu ka? | ใฏใใใใกใใซ ใใใใพใใHai, achira ni gozaimasu. | Is there a ~ nearby? โ ใซ marks existence location; ใใ (exist) for non-living things |
| ใใใใฆ ใฉใฎใใใ ใใใใพใใ๏ผ |
Aruite dono kurai kakarimasu ka? | ๏ผใตใใปใฉ ใใใใพใใGo-fun hodo kakarimasu. | How long does it take on foot? โ ใใใใฆ = te-form of ใใใ (walk); ใใใ = to take (time) |
| Expression | Romaji | Typical Response | Context / Use |
|---|---|---|---|
| ใใฟใพใใใใใใฏ ใฉใใงใใ๏ผ |
Sumimasen, eki wa doko desu ka? | ใพใฃใใ ใใฃใฆใใ ใใใMassugu itte kudasai. | Excuse me, where is the station? โ the most practical everyday phrase for asking directions |
| ใฟใใซ ใพใใฃใฆใใ ใใใ |
Migi ni magatte kudasai. | ใใใใพใใใWakarimashita. | Please turn right โ ใซ marks the direction of turning; swap ใฟใ (right) โ ใฒใ ใ (left) |
| ใคใใฎ ใใฉใง ใพใใฃใฆใใ ใใใ |
Tsugi no kado de magatte kudasai. | ใฏใใใใใใพใใใHai, wakarimashita. | Please turn at the next corner โ ใง marks the location of action (different from ใซ for direction) |
| ๏ฝใฏ ใใฎใกใใใงใใ๏ผ |
[PLACE] wa kono chikaku desu ka? | ใฏใใใใใใงใใHai, asoko desu. | Is ~ nearby? โ ใใฎใกใใ = around here; response: ใกใใใงใ (close) or ใจใใใงใ (far) |
| ใพใใใจ ใฟใใพใใ |
Magaru to miemasu. | ใพใใใจ ใฟใใพใใMagaru to miemasu. | When you turn, you'll see it โ ใจ here = "when / if"; ใฟใใ = to come into view |
| Expression | Romaji | Typical Response | Context / Use |
|---|---|---|---|
| ใใใใฉใ๏ผ |
Eki, doko? | ใใฃใกใ ใใAcchi da yo. | Where's the station? โ ใฏ and ใงใใ dropped entirely; rising intonation carries the question |
| ใพใฃใใ ใใฃใฆใ |
Massugu itte. | ใพใฃใใ ใใฃใฆใMassugu itte. | Go straight โ te-form alone = casual request; ใใ ใใ dropped |
| ใฟใ ใพใใฃใฆใ |
Migi magatte. | ใฟใ ใพใใฃใฆใMigi magatte. | Turn right โ ใซ and ใใ ใใ both dropped; just direction + te-form |
| ใใใใฆ ๏ผใตใใใใใ |
Aruite go-fun kurai. | ใใใใฆ ๏ผใตใใใใใAruite go-fun kurai. | About 5 minutes on foot โ ใใใ = approximately; ใงใ dropped; natural between friends |
๐ฃ Mini Dialogues
Three short scenes asking for directions at different formality levels. Press โถ to hear each line.
A โ Flashcards
Click the card to flip it and reveal the romaji and meaning. Press โถ on the front to hear the phrase.
B โ Listen & Choose the Meaning
Press โถ to hear each phrase, then pick the correct English meaning from the four options.
C โ Choose the Right Response
Press โถ to hear the prompt (Japanese + romaji shown), then choose the best response. Romaji is shown on all options.
D โ Listen & Write in Romaji
Press โถ to hear each phrase, then type what you heard in romaji. Japanese letters are not needed.
E โ Shadowing Practice
Listen to each line, say it out loud, then tick Practised โ. Pay attention to the direction words โ ใฟใ, ใฒใ ใ, ใพใฃใใ.
๏ฝใฏใฉใใงใใ โ "Where is ~?"
โข ใฏ marks the place as the topic.
โข ใฉใ = where.
โข Formal upgrade: ใฉใ โ ใฉใกใ (which direction / which way โ more polite).
โข Super-formal: ใฉใกใใงใใใใ (adds uncertainty/humility with ใงใใใใ).
ใฟใ ยท ใฒใ ใ ยท ใพใฃใใ โ Core direction words
โข ใฟใ (migi) โ right
โข ใฒใ ใ (hidari) โ left
โข ใพใฃใใ (massugu) โ straight ahead
Add ใใ (side) to ใฟใ and ใฒใ ใ to say "right side" and "left side": ใฟใใใ ยท ใฒใ ใใใ.
Add ใซ when describing which direction to turn: ใฟใใซ ใพใใ (turn to the right).
ใซ vs ใง โ Direction particle vs Location-of-action particle
โข ใซ โ marks the direction of movement: ใฟใใซ ใพใใ (turn to the right).
โข ใง โ marks where an action happens: ใคใใฎใใฉใง ใพใใ (turn at the next corner).
Think of ใซ as "towards" and ใง as "at the spot where."
ใใใใฆ ๏ฝใตใ โ Distance in minutes on foot
โข ใใใใฆ ๏ผใตใใงใ โ It's 5 minutes on foot.
โข ใใใใฆ ๏ผใตใ ใใใใพใ โ It takes 5 minutes walking.
Common minutes: ใใฃใทใ (1 min) ยท ใใใทใ (3 min) ยท ใใตใ (5 min) ยท ใใ ใฃใทใ (10 min) ยท ใใ ใใใตใ (15 min).
ใพใใใจ ใฟใใพใ โ Conditional ใจ
โข ใพใใใจ ใฟใใพใ โ When you turn, you'll see it.
โข ใพใฃใใใใใจ ใใใพใ โ If you go straight, it's there.
The result (Y) is always something natural or automatic โ not a request or intention.
๏ฝใใ (from) and ๏ฝใพใง (to/until)
โข ใใ โ from (starting point): ใใใใ ใพใฃใใ (straight from the station).
โข ใพใง โ to / as far as (endpoint): ใใใพใง ใใใใฆ ๏ผใตใใงใ (5 minutes' walk to the station).
Together: ใใใใ ใใใซใพใง = from the station to the hotel.
| Japanese | Romaji | Meaning |
|---|---|---|
| ใฟใ | migi | Right |
| ใฒใ ใ | hidari | Left |
| ใพใฃใใ | massugu | Straight ahead |
| ใพใใ | magaru | To turn |
| ใใฉ | kado | Corner |
| ใฉใ | doko | Where |
| ใฉใกใ | dochira | Which way / where (polite) |
| ใกใใ | chikai | Close / nearby (ใ-adjective) |
| ใจใใ | tooi | Far (ใ-adjective) |
| ใใใ | aruku | To walk |
| ใใใ | kakaru | To take (time); to cost |
| ใฟใใ | mieru | To be visible; to come into view |
| ใใใ | asoko | Over there |
| ใฟใใใ | migi gawa | Right side |
| ใฒใ ใใใ | hidari gawa | Left side |